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      • Enneagram Type 1
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      • Losing Robin Williams: 7 4 1 Triad
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    • “Personality and Wholeness in Therapy” by Dan Siegel, MD

      • An Overview of the PDP Model and the Enneagram
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Enneagram Type 3 Personality and Wholeness in Therapy By Dan Siegel, M.D.

SUMMARY
Enneagram Type 3 “Bonding Dyadic” – Personality and Wholeness in Therapy
Affective Neuroscience Perspective


Enneagram Type 3 or PDP Pattern B-d | Pattern of Developmental Processing

PDP B-d: Bonding and Connection Sought Both Inward and Outward (Dyadic), Contain and Channel Aversive Emotions

Enneagram Type 3: The Performer/Achiever


Motivation: Bonding for Connection

Primary Emotion: Separation-Distress/Sadness

Emotion Regulation Mode: Down-regulate (Contain and Channel)

Enneagram Center of Intelligence and Knowing: Leads with Heart or Feeling Intuition, Knowing, and Perception

Anatomical Location of Initial Energy Flow (ALIEF): Heart/Solar Plexus


Enneagram Type 3 Core Dynamics in Therapy

Growth, integration and wholeness from habitual and reactive patterns to higher human capacities as a result of:

  1. relaxing the pattern
  2. renewed aspirational intentions
  3. moving from reactivity to pause/deep breath

Vanity vs Hope – The Cognitive Dynamic, Growth, and Wholeness

Vanity

  • Cognitive Preoccupations and Habitual Narratives: Excess in pride in own appearance, qualities, gifts (good points), achievements. Attention on doing and accomplishing. Achievement is up to me and I’ll be admired. Addiction to success and efficiency. Real value in just being is lost.
    • Low Integration:The Attendency of inward plus outward yields an experience in the Bonding Vector Pathway filled with the inner sense of needing to connect and the outer attention to how others will view the self.  When in low integrative states, the potential distress of a lack of linkage is contained and channeled into action as this primary reactive emotion is down-regulated by intense drive to do and be approved by others.  The distance from a sense of harmony with a rigid push for accomplishment and a chaotic reaction to “just being idle” are elements of this low integrative state.

Hope

  • Cognitive Higher Capacity: Providing a model that shows things can get done. Seeing/realizing what really needs doing and what doesn’t. Functioning does not depend on effort/efficiency of the doer. Things work out according to natural law.
    • High Integration: As this B-io Pathway embraces the blend of an inner sense of longing to belong with an outer focus on doing in the world, a harmony and trust in the world, a “hope”, emerge and a feeling of ease in doing replaces a tension-filled drive to perform.  Action in the world can become an inspiration for all involved rather than governed by a focus on approval and adulation.  Engagement to connect can be mutually productive for all without a fear of disappointing others and losing connection. Belief in one’s abilities and place in the world blossom.

Deceit (Self-Deceit) vs Veracity (Honesty) – The Emotional Dynamic, Growth, and Wholeness

Deceit

  • Emotional Drive, Tone and Reactivity: Energy in image, approval, action. Projecting what is wanted, not real feelings. Specious and spurious. Concealment, like an actor becoming what is desired. Impatient.
    • Low Integration:  The emotional reality of being disconnected from Wholeness unless approval is gained by the reactions of others leads to a focus on appearance rather than authenticity.  The feeling of this Bonding Vector’s motivation for connection when away from Wholeness is an intense, do-or-die, focus on the achievements that will be activating the approbation from others rather than from arising within—what may be called “deception.”

Veracity

  • Emotional Higher Capacity: Energy of self-deception going to recognition/appreciation of true feelings the healthy body/person expresses only real concerns. The body does not lie, but only expresses truth.
    • High Integration: Emotion arises from bodily experience and then up through the subcortical regions and further up into the cortex.  When cortical perception focuses on the responses of others, then the body’s input may be secondary to reasoning, reflection, and responses in the world.  With differentiating these areas of emotional processing, an openness to letting experience naturally emerge yields an ease and harmony to arise.

Enneagram Type 3 Synopsis

Brief Description

The Type 3 believes you must accomplish and succeed to be loved. Consequently, Performers are industrious, fast-paced, and focused on goals and efficiency. They also can be inattentive to feelings, impatient, and image-driven.

Key Interventions

Help the Type 3 slow down, welcome and appreciate their feelings, and notice that love is “being” as well as “doing and having.”

Somatic Profile

Type 3’s are feeling types who, like Type 2, hold a lot of energy in the area of their chests. But rather than feel their own feelings, they prefer to channel everything into action, productivity and results. With their high charge, it’s hard for them to sit still. Some Threes are quite expressive, but if they are more on the rigid side, they may accrue lots of tension around their heart. Emotional pressure builds up, but the lid stays on. They are the original “Type A’s” and are vulnerable to early heart attacks or a weakened immune system. Often a single, dense layer of armoring over the chest covers up underlying grief.

Communication Style

Direct, topic-focused, fast-paced and confident. Others may perceive you as impatient, unfeeling, overly efficient and restrictive, and overriding of others’ views.

Behavioral Profile

  • Strengths: Effective and industrious leadership, seeing possibility, enthusiasm, hope in action, encouragement, problem solving and solutions, ability to provide, efficiency, practicality, competence.
  • Difficulties: Self-deception about real needs, missing own feelings, moving to a new task and leaving items incomplete, avoiding reflection and acceptance by doing something instead, suffering and fear appears to come from “nowhere” and wants to be chased away, impatience with differences, which are seen as obstructions in the path towards the goal, wanting too much admiration and attention.

What Triggers Reactivity in Relationships

Obstacles that get in the way of the goal. Anything or anyone that threatens or thwarts progress and our ability to get to completion. Indecisiveness. Inefficiency. Criticism. Not being recognized or applauded when it’s due. An insult to the image that’s been constructed and wanting to be projected to others. Failing.

Social Profile

Type 3’s range from introverted to extraverted. In addition, their social disposition is impacted by the three relational sub-patterns. Dominance toward self-survival or self-preservation is a relational focus based on me first (or put your life jacket on first, before attending to others) can lead to being more introverted. Dominance toward bonding survival or one-on-one focused relationships tend to fall in the middle of the I-E spectrum.  Dominance toward group survival or social focus on groups and organizations can lead to being more extraverted.


Enneagram Type 3 Basic Proposition and Loss of Wholeness in Childhood

Holy hope means that everything gets done according to universal laws or principles.  With this in mind just go sit on a hillside in nature or a bench in a park or by a stream in the woods.  You soon realize that nature functions just fine and quite efficiently.  Similarly, an infant does very little.  Others provide the hope.

This original state of hope wherein things work efficiently according to universal laws, and are not dependent on the effort of the doer, is damaged in the Performer child by an environment that is experienced as rewarding doing not being and certainly not feelings.  If you are a Three, you can’t have your own original honest feelings and reactions wherein you naturally express just what is there in your body and heart.

Consequently there is a compensatory fall into image and into a go ahead or over-eager energy which is called deceit because it places action, achievement, and a good image, not true feelings, as what are necessary for survival.  In short, you must gain love, status, and acceptance through performance, doing, and succeeding and through matching these with the image of success and approval.  You are what you do and perform.  You must compete to win.  Hence, attention must go to the many tasks to accomplish, to converging onto goals, often simultaneously, and to action and approval.  This proposition requires other-person referencing (how else can you get approval) and a present to future time orientation (you can’t succeed if you tarry in the past).


What Wholeness Looks Like for Enneagram Type 3

What does greater wholeness look like when those with Enneagram Type 3 make their way on the journey of self-study and growth?

  • Moving from a mental preoccupation that I am the doer to cognitive awareness that the world organically moves forward with or without my efforts
  • Moving from emotional urgency/deceit to emotional honesty with self and others

Integrating the higher capacity of being aware and in touch with knowing that the world will naturally move forward with or without me, rather than the “vanity” that I’m responsible for doing and achievements becomes a theme of therapeutic work as well as daily practice. Then, there is an emotional experience of slowing down and experiencing both self-honesty and an emotional veracity of what’s really happening. The Bonding system is balanced with a grounded Agency and sensing of self-sovereignty and the ability to lean into Certainty and the thinking ways of perceiving the world, especially when urgency and the consequential lack of veracity take over the internal experience.


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The Legacy of David Daniels, M.D.

Feel free to get in touch! We welcome your ideas and inputs about how to further share the Enneagram, including getting started, accurate typing, and the Enneagram for bettering relationships—all of which David cared so much about.


If you would like to hold a workshop, training, or a book club series with Suzanne Dion, David’s co-author of The Enneagram, Relationships, and Intimacy please reach out.

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